Biologics are a class of medications used to treat various medical conditions by targeting specific components of the immune system. Unlike traditional drugs that are synthesized by chemistry, biologics are typically larger and more complex molecules, such as proteins or antibodies. They are designed to interact with specific targets within the body, such as proteins, cells, or pathways involved in disease processes.
Omalizumab (Xolair®) is a medication that has been available for almost 25 years and plays a role in treating several allergic conditions, including asthma, chronic hives, nasal polyp disease, and most recently, food allergy. It works by targeting a specific antibody in the immune system called IgE, which plays a key role in allergic reactions. By reducing the activity of IgE, omalizumab helps suppress the body’s allergic response, making it a promising option for patients with severe food allergies. For children and adults with food allergies, exposure to certain foods can trigger serious and sometimes life-threatening reactions. Omalizumab offers hope by potentially acting as a cushion between exposure to allergens and the allergic response, reducing the likelihood of a life-threatening reaction. It is typically given as a monthly injection, with the dosing tailored to each patient’s specific needs and allergy profile. Patients on omalizumab often experience fewer and less intense allergic reactions, which can significantly improve quality of life and provide greater peace of mind. While omalizumab is not a cure for food allergies, it represents an important step forward in allergy risk management. Its ability to soften the severity of allergic responses has opened new possibilities for people who struggle with the daily challenges of avoiding common foods. As research continues, omalizumab may become an increasingly vital part of allergy treatment plans, offering a safe and manageable approach to living with food allergies. Always consult with your Ohio ENT & Allergy provider to determine if omalizumab is the right choice for your allergy management needs.
Mepolizumab targets interleukin-5 (IL-5), a key protein involved in the growth and activity of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that contributes to asthma inflammation. By reducing eosinophil levels, mepolizumab helps manage severe eosinophilic asthma, decreasing the frequency of asthma attacks and improving overall lung function. It is typically an office-based injection given every four weeks and is approved for patients aged six years and older.
Benralizumab works by targeting the IL-5 receptor on eosinophils, which rapidly reduces their levels. This biologic is used for severe eosinophilic asthma, helping to reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve breathing. The first three doses of Benralizumab are given in the office by subcutaneous injection every four weeks. Afterwards, maintenance doses are given every eight weeks.
Dupilumab targets proteins from the IL-4 and IL-13 pathways, which are involved in the inflammation associated with asthma. It is approved for use in patients with moderate to severe asthma, particularly those with an allergic or eosinophilic phenotype, or who are dependent on oral steroids for control. Dupilumab is self-administered via subcutaneous injection every two weeks and can also improve other allergic conditions, such as eczema and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.
Tezepelumab targets thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), a key signaling protein involved in the inflammatory cascade of asthma. It is approved for severe asthma management, regardless of phenotype or biomarker levels. It is typically given in the office by subcutaneous injection every four weeks. Tezepelumab helps reduce asthma exacerbations and improve lung function, offering a broad approach to asthma treatment.
Your Ohio ENT & Allergy Physicians provider can work with you to determine which biologic may be most suitable for your specific allergic condition and lifestyle.